王彦斌（平凉市消防救援支队,甘肃省平凉市 744000）

王彦斌

Analysis of Difficulties in Investigating Fire Accidents Due to Faults of Electrical Lines

WANG Yanbin(Pingliang Fire Rescue Detachment,Pingliang 744000，Gansu Province，China)

Abstract：In order to improve the quality of electrical line fire accident investigation,this paper presents the difficulties in the investigation and assessment of electrical line fires and a typical case of an electrical fire. This paper points out the relationship between the ignition point and the fault point,the characteristics of the primary short circuit traces and the problem of characterizing the primary short circuit,determining the residual magnetism and its application,

etc. It summarizes the ideas on and methods of on‑site investigation of electrical line fire accidents and puts forward rationalization proposals for line fire investigation,electrical trace identification,and fire prevention and control.

Key words：electrical fire;short circuit trace;residual magnetism application;fault point;ignition point;identification of physical evidence;scene investigation;fire investigation

摘　要：为提升电气线路故障火灾事故调查工作质量，以电气线路火灾调查勘验疑难点和一起典型电气火灾案例，辨析起火点与故障点的关联、一次短路痕迹特征与一次短路定性问题、剩磁测定与应用等问题，总结梳理电气线路故障火灾事故现场勘验的思路和方法，对电气线路火灾调查、电气痕迹鉴定、火灾防控工作提出合理化建议。

关键词：电气火灾；短路痕迹；剩磁应用；故障点；起火点；物证鉴定；现场勘验；火灾调查

中图分类号：TU892                　  文献标识码：A

doi：10.3969 / j. issn.1003 － 8493.2024.10.008