住宅火灾报警系统设置区域的探讨

BXHH

【Firstly, in England and Wales, under the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 [3], the parts of blocks of flats used in common by the occupants of more than one dwelling are not regarded as domestic premises. This does not normally mean that a communal fire alarm system should be installed in these areas. Current thinking is that, as a result of the compartmentation in all modern blocks of flats, the “stay put” strategy adopted is such that a communal fire alarm system is not only unnecessary, but is undesirable.
There are circumstances in which smoke detectors should be installed in the common parts of a block of flats. One situation is that in which the smoke detectors (but not fire alarm sounders) are necessary for operation of automatically opening vents (AOVs). These detectors should not be regarded as part of a fire alarm system, but of a smoke control system; as such, they will fall within the scope of the forthcoming BS 7273‑6.
Another circumstance where smoke detectors (along with manual call points, and fire alarm sounders) are installed within the common parts is that where premises converted into a block of flats before modern building regulations came into force, so that compartmentation and/or means of escape are insufficient to support a stay put strategy. Under these circumstances, the premises are, in effect, a House in Multiple Occupation (HMO), to which BS 5839‑6 then applies.】
以上摘自《PD 6531-2018 Queries and interpretations on BS 5839-1》，火灾的源头和风险主要在户内而非公共区域，公共区域设置探测器的本质作用是联动消防设施，通常是防烟系统和常开防火门等。一般而言，需要设置探测与警报设施的场所是户内而非公共区域，国际上在广泛推广户内火灾探测报警系统，GB50016的要求优先公共区域而降低户内的风险控制，值得思考。